星期四, 2月 24, 2011

耳機阻抗高低的關係是?

引自head-fi
http://www.head-fi.org/wiki/headphone-impedance

原發文者應該不是英語系的人士,英文不會比我好 (誤)
不過在這個議題上談的相當深入,該不會歐陸哪家耳機廠的工程師吧?

下面簡單採取意譯,意思有到就好....一些解說嫌麻煩就省略了

Why are high impedance headphones manufactured?

1.) The displacement (amount of movement) of the diaphragm (the thing that actually vibrates and produces sound) is better controlled via a more accurate flux (magnetic field to pull and push the diaphragm). This gives better accuracy and more performance at lower frequencies.

為什麼要做高阻耳機?

1.因為更加精確的磁束,振膜在整個行程中會被更好的控制住
而這會讓低頻表現更加精確優秀

*這裡我必須要先釐清一個基本概念,音圈和磁路的關係並不是如大多數人想像的那樣單向的去"推",而是互相推拉的關係

2.) The impedance is increased by using a different wire for the voice coil and most importantly more turns. More turns or loops creates a larger field (area of magnetic influence), in lay mans terms bigger magnetic area for the coil to move more efficiently.

2.音圈採用不同繞法、或者繞得更多圈(這點更重要)會增加單體的阻抗

繞更多圈,或者更多層可以加大音圈的場(受磁力影響的區域),翻成白話文就是更大的著磁區域能讓音圈動得更有效率

*這部分其實原文就很不通順,不過想一下電磁鐵的原理就明白了
電磁鐵纏繞的圈數越多,產生的磁力越強,然而有一好沒兩好

纏繞的圈數越多,電感的問題也越嚴重,不過也不是沒有解決方法
最常見的解決方法就是加上短路環,以B&W為例,他家鑽石高音的就是用銀質短路環

耳機的情況嗎.....可能要從音圈繞法下手了,AKG K70X的扁線音圈就是針對電感的問題

此外,音圈線徑也會對阻抗起影響,我想這就牽扯到歐日之間的設計理念不同了


3.) It also allows SS amps to work more efficiently with lesser distortion have a look at data sheets and a graph of distortion vs output impedance for most audio op-amps and you'll get the idea.


3.讓晶體機在驅動耳機時更有效率,失真更少,如果有留意大部分音響OP的date sheet,特別是輸出阻抗 v.s. 失真的圖表的話,你就會明白了

*會做高阻抗的耳機其實還有一個歷史性的原因:錄音室要用,在大增益的情況下比較不容易出問題

Problems with high impedance

1.) Difficult to drive for low powered devices which are configured with lower gains.

高阻抗的問題點

1.貧弱的、增益較低的前端難以驅動
*這部分主要是針對隨身聽,或者筆電耳機孔之類的情況,我猜

2.) Most need an amp with a different gain (most headphone amps are more geared towards current rather than voltage i.e low impedance than hi impedance)

大部分情況需要不同增益設定的耳擴 (大部分耳擴是重視電流輸出勝於電壓,或者重視驅動低阻抗的耳機多於高阻抗的耳機)

Do high impedance headphones sound better than low impedance ones?

Actually, in headphones "sound stage" or "airiness" or simply the experience depends upon the following,

高阻抗耳機會比低阻的耳機來得好嗎?
耳機的"音場",或者"開放感" 等等實際上受下述原因影響

1.) Frequency response, the curvy graph shows that volume decreases or
increases with change in frequency this is actually the complex magnetic field pulling and pushing with different amount of force at different frequencies, impedance affects this in complex ways but to make life easy, it makes it more somewhat "straight" or linear.

1.頻率響應,這些曲折的,隨著頻率而增減音量的圖形 實際上對應了複雜的
磁場推挽動作:不同的頻率、不同程度的力量

阻抗以複雜的方式對這個動作起了影響,而(拉高阻抗)能夠讓這套動作
更加的"直接",或者線性

*大抵上是在講前述的音圈和磁路互推/互拉,不過我參不透所謂"直接",或者線性到底指什麼

2.) Distortion, represents the amount of "change" from the actual signal to the real signal (input signal to output signal) the reason why this is measured by a square wave is because square waives are difficult to drive as they have a "part" DC in them which in theory does not generate flux. Impedance does not a large effect on this.

2.失真,可以被表示為理論上的信號和實際信號之間的變量(輸入信號和輸出信號)
*我受不了了......這什麼繞來繞去的說明,明明很簡單的事說得那麼複雜 =3=;

會用方波信號為標準去測量失真的原因,是因為方波難以完美重現,因為實際上方波訊號包含了"部分"的直流──理論上不會產生磁束

阻抗影響這個不是很大
*譯者很無言......

3.) Build and design, (to long i cant type so much :P )

實際的構造和設計 (太長了我不能打那麼多 :p)


So to conclude,

High Impedance is only a ddifferent approach in energy delivery in basic terms its relative to rather faster flowing electrons (hi impedance) or MORE but slower electrons (low impedance) how they effect sound is dependent on the magnetic filed generated and diaphragm construction (physical response of diaphragm).

所以結論是

會拉高阻抗的原因,是因為對待能量傳遞的態度不同:
更快速的電流 (高阻抗) / 更多一些而較慢的電流 (低阻抗)

*這裡的速度快慢應該是指音圈內電流上升時間的久暫

而實際上耳機阻抗對音質的音響必須連磁路安排和振膜結構(振膜的物理特性)一起考慮進去

*這點其實很有趣,我越來越懷疑這傢伙要不是beyer,要不就是senn的人了.....特別是就英文很爛,說明很拗口這點.....

原文特別把"更多一些",MORE給強調出來,我想可以看出作者的暗示在

Hope this clears the air.

Rohan

星期日, 2月 20, 2011

空之境界BD BOX在美國完售

或多或少有跌破眼鏡的感覺

一方面是因為題材,空境的一些理念與情感糾葛其實很"東方",
不像GITS那樣有個很容易被接受的背景

舉個代表性的例子,直死之魔眼被譯成了Mystic Eyes of Death Perception
其實原本的意思應該比較接近民俗學的evil eye,兇眼(邪眼).....

.....可惜我沒那個美國時間去弄英文字幕來好好研究一下,會是個很有趣的比較文化題目吧?

一方面是因為定價,400美金雖然已經比日本版便宜很多了,但老美那邊一季13集動畫BD BOX的定價也才49美金左右,而且BD版還只是up-scale上去的

這樣的消費習慣原本以為是很難克服的,至少放出消息時網路討論一片不看好

不過現在看起來有愛的人還是很多啊,價格甚至從398美金調漲成了439美金
Otaku are rich…and it seems Kara no Kyoukai fans are richer